Kharkiv Circle of Ye. S. Miroshnichenko
Introduction: The article describes creative and personal contacts of Evgeniya Semenivna Miroshnichenko in the city of Kharkiv. On the 12th June 1931 a little red-haired girl was born in a working-class family in Radyanskoe, a small village near the province of Kharkov. Before long this little girl became one of the leading figures in the world of music in Ukraine and around the globe. Evgheniya Mirashnichenko’s path in life was a difficult one but everything she experienced contributed to her becoming a successful opera singer, actress and educator. Evgheniya Miroshnichenko (1931–2009) was a Ukrainian opera and chamber singer, internationally famous for her coloratura soprano voice. She was called “the singer everyone must see” on account of her vocal technique and her talent for dramatic acting. She graduated from the Kiev Conservatory in 1957 and made her debut in the Kiev Opera Theater as Violetta in the opera “La traviata” of Giuseppe Verdi. In 1961 Miroshnichenko worked in Milan in La Scala under the direction of Elvira del Edalgo. In 1980, Miroshnichenko became a teacher at the Kiev conservatory, and 1990 she obtained the status of professor of Vocal Studies at the Kiev Conservatory. Many of her students became well-known opera singers in Ukraine and worldwide. Many people wrote about her during her lifetime: Henadii Kabka’s interviews, recorded memories of the singer herself, general overview of her life and works found a place in the textbook by Valentyna Antoniuk “Vocal Pedagogy (Solo Singing)”, biographical book byTetiana Shvachko “Yevheniia Miroshnychenko”. With time, the actress has become more known as a talented teacher, through the success of her students. She has left a rich legacy: cultural, artistic, human, but most importantly the living artistic “organism”, that breathes, sings, feels – “Miroshnychenko Class”. This are her students inspired by the true maternal attitude of their Teacher. The individual consist of personal experience with different social groups and mentality of the place, where he/she grew up. A vast number of creator’s works have been evolved from sad flashbacks from childhood and family home. Thus, attention should be really drawn to childhood and social circle, while studying or just becoming familiar with the person. Because social circle, where the individual is born, has a destructive capacity on the formation of personality. Mental and intellectual skills acquisitions are transmitted through previous experience of the senior generation. With age, the social impact on a person changes, thus, the micro-community (family, friends, teachers, that is the close environment of the person) assumes the nature of macro-community (a country with its social and economic peculiarities, mentality, values and region, a city or village where the child resides, etc.). The concept of location and identification is a term introduced by Harold Proshansky – the environmental psychologist and director of the City University of New York, which represents a structure of self-identity, comprising its perception of the surrounding physical world. American psychologists studying ecological psychology, state that the environment – a city, nature, people – have a crucial influence on the formation of the individual. The location has an exceptional impact on the emotional sphere of the human body. As an example of such phenomenon is the family circle, the internal and external demonstration of which is a reflection of the mentality of the country and the city, where Evgeniya Semenivna Miroshnichenko resides – opera singer, professor, people’s artist of Ukraine and native of Kharkiv. It was her origin from the noble city, which the teacher always stressed when talking about herself. Despite the fact that most of her life Miroshnichenko was in Kyiv working at the National Opera House of Ukraine named after Taras Shevchenko and Petro Tchaikovsky National Music Academy, the birthplace played a major role in the formation of the famous character of the singer. After moving to the capital, Evgeniya Semenivna lost, and then gained a lot of like-minded people and friends who still have shown their warm feelings to her. Subject. The research subject is Kharkiv social circle of Evgeniya Semenivna Miroshnichenko, its definition and exploring the significance. Method. We used the comparative and biographical method in this study. First of all, we discovered and described the Kharkiv circle. Eventually, they were divided into two main aspects and determined their significance in the creative destiny of Evgeniya Miroshnichenko. Results. Thus, the environment created by little dreamer Evgeniya Semenivna Miroshnichenko herself is divided into two aspects: creative growth and the sense of “small homeland”. It would be appropriate to consider such division from a chronological point of view. Creative growth, that is the period from the birth till the moving to Kyiv for the study had formed the backbone of Kharkiv circle, which includes mother and sisters, Zynovii Zahranychnyi, Vasyl Tretiak, Kostintyn Shash, Vitalii Huberenko. The sense of “small homeland”, started from the beginning of study on Kyiv, is duly reflected in the images of Volodymyr Zolotukhin, Mykola Stetsiun, Nataliia Babich and Valentyna Arkanova. It is these aspects, which formed the Kharkiv circle, which in turn shaped the personality of Miroshnichenko as a people’s favorite, incredible singer, teacher of no mean ability and a stout-hearted woman. The role of Kharkiv environment in these metamorphoses is main and decisive. It can be said that the circle of “Miroshnichenko’s people” or so-called “miroshnichenkivtsi” built by Evgeniya is developing and growing independently even after the death of the creator as a well-built monopoly. Conclusion. The topic of the phenomenon of the Kharkiv circle of Evgeniya Miroshnichenko has a great potential for development and requires a detailed study. An analysis of the quantity, quality, and systematization of acquaintances will help in a detailed study of the creative personality of Evgeniya Semenivna.